The region is among the most vulnerable to climate change. With nearly 2.5 billion people and a limited capacity to adapt to climate change, South Asia shows how inequity and injustice lie at the heart of climate action. Billions in informal settlements in cities remain extremely vulnerable to climate-driven extreme events of heatwaves, floods and severe air pollution. Long-term resilience for South Asian cities will require large and immediate investments in climate vulnerable sectors. This calls for public investments and for subnational and local governments to be the key enablers of a just transition.