News Digest
June 13, 2025
Mumbai’s Aarey tribals allege destruction of trees on farmland
Locals from the Aarey Forest area in Mumbai’s Goregaon East claimed that thousands of trees on their farming land were buried under heaps of soil on June 6, reports Times Now. The Adivasi farmers and environmental groups said that the fields in the Film City belong to 42 indigenous farming families and alleged that private bouncers and unidentified individuals assaulted tribal farmers when they resisted the land-clearing activity. Local farmers also report that soil and stones were dumped into a nearby river, blocking its natural flow. The affected farmers claim that the trees cut or buried were planted and maintained by the community over several years, both for agricultural and environmental purposes. The land has been historically used for generations by tribal families but has been earmarked for various construction projects leading to forceful acquisition.
Lakhs affected as Northeast cities break rainfall record
Extreme rainfall across Northeast India has killed at least 46 people and caused severe flooding and landslides, reports Mongabay. The unusually high intensity of rainfall has affected hundreds and displaced many. Mizoram has seen more than 600 landslides since May 24, killing five people. Lalawmpuia Sailo, Secretary of NGO Conservation Mizoram, said the illegal and senseless dumping of debris into streams, rivers and their catchment area is leading to flash floods, mudslides, and turbidity of river water. The widening of National Highways and imprudent actions by the road construction workers leads to rockfall and landslides during the rainy season, he said. Rahul Mahanta, Associate Professor at Cotton University, Guwahati, who specialises in climate science, said sea surface temperatures in the Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal have been abnormally high: “The depression over Bangladesh and Meghalaya was the trigger that turned the instability into rainfall”.
Major US climate website fires all staff, likely to shut
One of the most popular sources of information about climate science on the internet, climate.gov, which supports public education on climate science, will soon no longer publish new content, reports The Guardian. It is also the gateway website for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)’s Climate Program Office. The content was created and maintained by a contracted staff of about 10, with additional contributions from scientists, and its editorial content was specifically designed to be politically neutral and faithful to the current state of the sciences. All of those staff have now been dismissed. The climate.gov site was housed within the communication, education, and engagement division of NOAA. The fired staff believe the changes to climate.gov were targeted by political appointees within the Trump administration and aimed at restricting public-facing climate information.
Climate change causing subsidence in 48 coastal cities: Study
A study by Nanyang Technological University (NTU) in Singapore found that dozens of coastal regions across the world are sinking at a worrying speed, report the BBC. The team studied subsidence in and around 48 coastal cities in Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas. These are places that are particularly vulnerable to a combination of rising sea levels, mainly driven by climate change and sinking land. The most extreme cases of subsidence were seen in Tianjin in north-east China which has undergone rapid industrial and infrastructural development this century. The worst-hit parts of the city sank up to 18.7cm per year between 2014 and 2020. Many factors can contribute to subsidence, including building, mining, tectonic shifts, earthquakes, and natural soil consolidation. “One of the most common causes is groundwater extraction,” explains the lead researcher on the NTU study, Cheryl Tay. It has had a major impact in half of the 48 coastal cities identified in the study.
Chicago campaigns to fight for immigrants’ rights
As US President Donald Trump continues to roll out unprecedented attacks on immigrants, notably increased detentions and deportations without due process, organisers in Chicago are scrambling to expand traditional tools used in the fight for immigrant rights to accommodate ballooning needs, reports The Guardian. On June 3, ICE officers arrested more than 2,200 people, a record high. The Know Your Rights campaign is a coordinated effort on the part of city officials and local immigration advocacy groups to alert individuals of their rights during interactions with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (Ice). This is evidence of Chicago’s activism, long history of protecting its immigrant communities and resistance to attempts by previous administrations to weaken their protections. Chicago organisers have implemented a swathe of strategies to resist ICE, responses rooted in collaboration between organisations that have been in place dating back to the first Trump administration.
Increasing sea acidity threatens marine ecosystems: Study
A new study by the UK’s Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), the Washington-based National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and Oregon State University’s Cooperative Institute for Marine Resources Studies found that ocean acidification’s “boundary” was also reached about five years ago, reports The Guardian. Ocean acidification, often called the “evil twin” of the climate crisis, is caused when carbon dioxide is rapidly absorbed by the ocean, where it reacts with water molecules leading to a fall in the pH level of the seawater. It damages coral reefs and other ocean habitats and, in extreme cases, can dissolve the shells of marine creatures. Until now, ocean acidification had not been deemed to have crossed its “planetary boundary”. “This had huge implications for important underwater ecosystems such as tropical and even deep-sea coral reefs that provided essential habitats and nursery grounds for the young of many species,” said PML’s Prof Helen Findlay.
May 30, 2025
Mumbai sees wettest May in a century, monsoon arrives record early
Mumbai has recorded its earliest ever monsoon onset since 1950, reports The Times of India. Monsoon rains hit the city on May 27, over two weeks ahead of the usual June 11 date. This coincided with the city breaking a 100-year rainfall record for May. Colaba recorded 439 millimetres surpassing the 1918 record of 279.4 millimetres, while Santacruz logged 272 millimetres. According to IMD, Nariman Point received 104 mm in just one hour, classified as an “intense rain spell”. Trains and flights were delayed or diverted, metro stations flooded, and newly developed areas severely waterlogged. South Mumbai, including Mantralaya and the new Acharya Atre Chowk station near Worli, saw knee-deep water. Infrastructure failures included road cracks, building damage, and tree falls. Other cities such as Bengaluru, Pune and Delhi also witnessed record-breaking rainfall disrupting normal life.
Glacier collapse in the Alps buries Swiss village
A deluge of ice, mud and rock buried most of a mountain village after a huge chunk of a glacier in the Swiss Alps broke off on May 28, reported Reuters. Buildings and infrastructure in Blatten, whose roughly 300 inhabitants were evacuated on May 19 after geologists identified the risk of an imminent avalanche of rock and ice from above, were battered by the rockslide. Swiss President Karin Keller-Sutter expressed her solidarity with the local population as emergency services warned people and urged them to stay away. Experts said it was difficult to assess the extent to which rising temperatures spurred by climate change had triggered the collapse. Christian Huggel, a professor of environment and climate at the University of Zurich, said while various factors were at play in Blatten, it was known that local permafrost had been affected by warmer temperatures in the Alps.
‘Earth tracking towards 2.7°C despite progress’
The Earth is now projected to warm by around 2.7 degrees Celsius by the end of the century, according to an analysis reported in The Conversation. While this is an improvement from earlier worst-case scenarios of 4 degrees Celsius or more, scientists caution that the outlook remains alarming. Current national climate pledges, if fully implemented, could limit warming to roughly 2 degrees Celsius. However, most countries are not yet on track to meet those promises. This level of warming would still lead to more extreme weather, rising sea levels, and ecosystem collapse. Without stronger and faster cuts to greenhouse gas emissions, the world risks dangerous changes. Although some progress has been made through renewable energy and climate agreements, more ambition and action are urgently needed. The article calls for political will, international cooperation, and a renewed push to meet the Paris Agreement’s safer 1.5 degrees Celsius target. Time, they warn, is running out.
Labour MPs demand ‘Right to Roam' in England after court ruling
Labour MPs in the UK are urging the government to introduce a comprehensive ‘right to roam’ law in England, following a recent Supreme Court ruling that denied public access to Dartmoor’s privately owned wild camping areas. As reported by The Guardian, the ruling upheld landowner rights but a compromise deal temporarily restored some access. Critics argue it fails to guarantee lasting public freedom. Labour’s Clive Lewis and Olivia Blake are among those calling for legislative change that would extend roaming rights beyond footpaths into nature-rich areas such as woodlands, riversides, and green belts. The debate taps into a broader conversation on public access, health, and equity — especially as Scotland and parts of Europe already enjoy broader land access rights. Campaigners and MPs see this as a key environmental and social justice issue.
UK faces threat of insect-borne diseases due to climate change
Scientists are warning that climate change could bring insect-borne tropical diseases such as dengue, Zika, and West Nile virus to the UK. As The Guardian reports, rising temperatures are making conditions favourable for disease-carrying mosquitoes like the Asian tiger mosquito and Culex species. The West Nile virus was detected in the UK mosquitoes this year. Experts caution that while large outbreaks remain unlikely for now but continued warming could make them probable. Academics also point to the UK’s cuts to foreign aid as a risk, arguing that weakened global disease control could have domestic consequences. They stress the importance of both climate action and international cooperation in disease surveillance and health infrastructure. Researchers say stronger, sustained investment is needed to prevent tropical diseases from gaining a foothold in Britain.
Chicago’s latest museum builds narrative around public housing
The National Public Housing Museum in Chicago is billed as the first to focus entirely on the history of American public housing, which provided homes for more than 10 million people across US cities over the last 100 years, reports Bloomberg. It was the home of the largest federally supported public housing complex, Robert Taylor Homes, as well as the one whose poor condition and reputation for crime made it synonymous with the failures of 20th century public housing, Cabrini-Green. The museum’s roots lie in an infamous act of mass housing destruction. In 2000, the Chicago Housing Authority committed to the Plan for Transformation, an initiative to tear down some 20,000 units of public housing stock, mostly located in poorly managed and maintained high-rise complexes. It remains the “largest net-loss of affordable housing in the United States,” says executive director Lisa Yun Lee.
US reimagines porch as symbol of generosity at Venice biennale
At the 2025 Venice Architecture Biennale, the US pavilion foregrounds the porch—a seemingly modest architectural form as a site of cultural depth, public exchange, and spatial generosity, reports Bloomberg. Titled ‘Porch! An Architecture of Generosity’, the exhibit explores the American porch as a climate-responsive, community-oriented, and hybrid public-private space. Co-curated by Peter MacKeith, Susan Chin, and Rod Bigelow, the show features a 2,300 sq ft mass-timber porch built at the Biennale’s main square, drawing crowds and conversations. The exhibit extols the porch as a graceful climate adaptation, an amenity that fosters neighbourliness, and a space that balances private and public uses while inviting people to shelter and mingle. In many places the porch compensates for the absence of other dedicated public spaces.
Scientists alarmed by early marine heatwave in UK coast
A significant marine heatwave has struck the seas off Devon, Cornwall, and Ireland’s west coast, with sea surface temperatures currently 2 to 4 degrees Celsius above normal, reports The Guardian. The heatwave began unusually early in March and has lasted over two months, raising alarm among marine scientists. Spring temperatures, typically around 11 to 12 degrees Celsius, have surged to 15-16 degrees Celsius. Experts warn that such sustained warming, driven by human-induced climate change, could severely disrupt marine ecosystems. There is growing concern over impacts on plankton cycles, fish stocks, and the broader food chain. The UK Met Office links the anomaly to a combination of climate change and local weather patterns. If these trends continue, marine biodiversity could be at risk. The warning is clear: ocean health is under mounting threat.
May 16, 2025
Climate finance gaps push Kerala to back local innovation
With limited access to multilateral climate finance and restrictive central policies, Kerala is increasingly relying on startups, local governments, and grassroots innovation to drive climate action, reports Mongabay. The state estimates it will need over Rs 900 billion by 2030 for climate mitigation and adaptation, yet accessing global climate funds has proved difficult. In response, the Kerala State Climate Change Adaptation Mission (KSCCAM), launched in 2023, is working to attract alternative finance streams. Kerala has set a target of 100 percent renewable energy by 2040 and is integrating climate goals into local planning frameworks. District-level climate vulnerabilities have been mapped, and local bodies are raising small-scale funds for climate projects. Officials say that empowering local governance and embracing decentralised innovation could enable climate resilience, even in the face of limited external support.
Extreme climate events a threat to bananas: Report
Rising temperatures, shifting monsoon patterns and climate-driven pests are endangering banana-producing regions across the world — prompting urgent calls for emission cuts and greater support for farmers, reports The Tribune. Titled ‘Going Bananas: How Climate Change Threatens the World’s Favourite Fruit’, the report by international development charity Christian Aid includes first-hand accounts from banana growers working with the agency’s partner organisations. Climate change is posing both immediate and long-term threats to India’s banana production. In Central India, including the exporting state Maharashtra, extreme rainfall events have tripled since 1950, even as total annual rainfall has declined. One study warns that banana yield could fall significantly by 2050 without adaptation, threatening livelihoods in a country where 43 percent of the population depends on agriculture and 14 percent is already undernourished.
Pope Leo XIV calls for urgent climate action, echoes Francis’ legacy
The newly elected Pope Leo XIV, formerly Cardinal Robert Prevost, has made climate change a central issue in his early remarks as pontiff, echoing and expanding the environmental commitment of his predecessor, reports Fast Company. Drawing attention to the worsening climate crisis, Pope Leo XIV urged the global community to transition “from words to action,” highlighting the moral and spiritual dimensions of environmental responsibility. Having previously supported initiatives like installing solar panels at the Vatican and switching to electric vehicles, the Pope believes in adopting technologies that align with ethical and ecological values and critiques unbridled technological growth and extractive ideologies urging a respectful relationship with nature. When Pope Francis spoke in November 2024 about climate change impacting the world’s most vulnerable populations calling for global cooperation, Cardinal Prevost had stressed it was time to move “from words to action,” Vatican News reported at the time.
Canada’s deadly wildfire kills 2, forces evacuation of 1,000 residents
The deaths of the man and woman in the province of Manitoba marked a grim start to Canada’s wildfire season, reports The New York Times. Around 1,000 people were evacuated from Lac du Bonnet and surrounding areas as the fire spread to about 10,000 acres. Parts of Manitoba have experienced an intense heat wave this season, with temperatures in Winnipeg rising to 37 degrees Celsius — about 99 degrees Fahrenheit — on May 13 breaking a 125-year record. Fires caused by lightning strikes are expected to increase across southern British Columbia and Canada’s prairie region in the late spring, fuelled by warm and windy conditions, according to a report. Fires in Quebec sent massive amounts of smoke into the United States, turning the skies an apocalyptic orange hue, setting off an acrid smell, and sending people to the hospital with breathing issues.
Fossil leaves reveal climate disruption's long ecological shadow
A new study reported by Mongabay draws on fossilised leaves from the Deccan Traps to understand how ecosystems responded to ancient climate shifts. The research shows how massive volcanic activity 66 million years ago triggered a greenhouse event, altering plant diversity and structure, with patterns echoing today’s warming trends. By comparing ancient leaf traits with modern equivalents, scientists observed significant shifts in plant ecology and resilience. The study emphasises that long-term ecological disruption is already underway and may intensify without rapid emissions cuts. The experts argue that only the protection of remaining evergreen forests — products of millions of years of evolution — can safeguard these ancient ecosystems. They warn that afforestation efforts cannot replicate the complex, time-tested biodiversity of natural forests, and losing them would erase a legacy that has endured ice ages, tectonic shifts, and past climate upheavals. The way forward is to focus on conserving regions like the Western Ghats.
UK must heed drought warnings and be prepared
Alarms are being sounded by environmentalists and farmers after a very dry spring followed a winter during which parts of the country, including Northern Ireland, had only 70 percent of average rainfall, states The Guardian editorial. Some crops are already failing, and worse will follow unless more rain arrives soon. Conditions now are said to resemble 2022 – the last time that farms suffered significant losses due to drought. The Environment Agency is advising people to start limiting their water use. The Climate Change Committee warns that extreme weather events like droughts and floods are becoming more frequent. They highlighted the lack of national preparedness for these extreme weather conditions, underscoring inadequate infrastructure and climate adaptation measures by water companies. Farmers are exploring alternative crops in response to changing weather patterns, such as vineyards and chickpeas.
May 2, 2025
Increasing wildfires in north and central India threaten biodiversity
Since April, satellite data from the Forest Survey of India (FSI) has recorded thousands of forest fire incidents, with Madhya Pradesh reporting the highest number — 2,754 incidents between April 11 and 18, reports Mongabay. Maharashtra followed with 1,766 fires, Chhattisgarh with 876, and Odisha with 603. These figures mark a continuation of a broader trend. Fires have also been reported in Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, and Uttarakhand. The fires are degrading forests, threatening biodiversity, and accelerating desertification, FSI scientists note. The winter of 2024–25 was among the driest in recent memory for large parts of India, particularly in the Himalayan region. Experts warn that shifting climate patterns combined with human activity are driving longer, more intense wildfire seasons, with growing ecological and climatic fallout.
Massive power outage in Spain, Portugal upends modern life
About 55 million people were plunged into a pre-electric age on April 28, as Spain, Portugal and parts of southern France suffered the worst power outages in recent European history, reported The Guardian. Mobile signals were disrupted, traffic lights stopped working, supermarkets went dark and resorted to cash as digital payment systems stalled, and people were stranded far from their homes as the blackout stretched on for much of the day. Hospitals were forced to cancel surgeries due to out-of-order lifts and the inability to move patients around safely, said Iñigo, a doctor at a hospital in northern Spain. “It made me realise we are so dependent on electronics.” The outages also led to people getting trapped in underground metro tunnels and on trains, with many people forced to walk along the tracks or stay in place for hours. Yet, people were spending time outdoors and enjoying themselves.
New images reveal visible changes to the Earth's surface
The BBC reports how 50 years of climate change has changed the face of the earth from space. The first images of the Blue Marble were taken by the crew, who passed between them the onboard camera – a hand-held analogue Hasselblad 500 EL loaded with 70mm Kodak film – captivated by the sight of the Earth from space. “All the images captured with Hasselblads are spectacularly clear and bright,” says Jennifer Levasseur, curator at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum in Washington DC. Ours is a planet of great change. The tectonic movements that shift the land masses move too slow for our eyes to notice. Yet another force – humanity itself – has been reshaping our planet at a pace that we can see. Urbanisation, deforestation, pollution and greenhouse gas emissions are altering the way the Earth looks.
European cities rank high on sustainability, liveability
The BBC reports how 50 years of climate change has changed the face of the earth from space. The first images of the Blue Marble were taken by the crew, who passed between them the onboard camera – a hand-held analogue Hasselblad 500 EL loaded with 70mm Kodak film – captivated by the sight of the Earth from space. “All the images captured with Hasselblads are spectacularly clear and bright,” says Jennifer Levasseur, curator at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum in Washington DC. Ours is a planet of great change. The tectonic movements that shift the land masses move too slow for our eyes to notice. Yet another force – humanity itself – has been reshaping our planet at a pace that we can see. Urbanisation, deforestation, pollution and greenhouse gas emissions are altering the way the Earth looks.
Six in ten companies slide back on funding Pride groups in the US
In a new survey of dozens of corporate executives across various sectors — from federal contractors to health care companies to consumer brands — roughly 2 in 5 said they were scaling back Pride Month engagement in 2025 compared to previous years, reports Bloomberg. That includes both internal engagement like promoting workplace equity and public-facing participation like sponsoring or appearing in Pride events. Six in ten companies cite pressure from the Trump administration — which has pushed policies targeting transgender and nonbinary people while also cracking down on diversity, equity and inclusion, or DEI — as a key reason. Nearly 40 percent of all companies point to the threat of backlash from conservative activists and consumers, including more than three-quarters of consumer brands. San Francisco Pride, which will hold its festival in late June, is down roughly $200,000 after sponsors dropped their sponsorship.
Polluted Florida waters cause manatees to starve
Dozens of dead manatees washed up in Brevard County, Florida, as their main food source vanished after decades of pollution flooded the Indian River Lagoon — and the species’ most important home on the East Coast turned into a graveyard, reports Tampa Bay Times. To trace the manatee die-off to its roots, Times reporters conducted a first-of-its-kind statewide analysis, pinpointing alarming levels of chemicals in nearly one in four waterways. Florida’s biggest sources of water pollution — agriculture and development — aren’t held to strict limits on the nitrogen and phosphorus that flow off sprawling farms and city streets. Chemicals spew from fertilizer and waste too. More than 89,000 acres of seagrass disappeared statewide over roughly a decade, including from waters beset by recent blooms such as Tampa Bay and Charlotte Harbor. In the Lagoon, nearly all the seagrass manatees could have eaten died.
April 18, 2025
Telangana declares sunstroke as ‘state specific disaster’
Telangana declares heatwave/sunstroke as a ‘state-specific disaster’ and will pay Rs 4 lakh compensation to victims of heat stroke, reports News Meter. Telangana witnessed month-long heat waves in some districts. People, especially the construction workers and daily wage earners in Hyderabad, Warangal, Hyderabad Urban Agglomeration and all urban local bodies are vulnerable to heat waves and sunstroke. The state had been providing assistance of Rs 50,000 to the families of those who died because of sunstroke. All districts in Telangana have prepared a district-specific heat wave action plan but, in the absence of a notification declaring the heat wave as disaster, the ex-gratia was not provided. Heat waves remain a ‘hidden hazard’ whose impact is not visible.
Five govt hospitals in Mumbai to go to private players
The Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation announced plans to give away five of its major hospitals in Mankhurd, Borivali, Bandra, Vikhroli, Govandi and Mulund to private players under the public-private partnership model, reports Scroll.in. Each of these hospitals currently serves a significant slum population who stand to lose out. A health department official said the civic body is fund-strapped and short-staffed, making it difficult to handle the 17 hospitals under it. The municipal corporation’s former executive health officer Dr Mangala Gomare said the PPP model is a good option but the challenge is to monitor the private partner and whether they are following all the terms of the contract.
Greenest city Oslo still struggles with air pollution
Norway’s capital Oslo has a reputation for proactive anti-pollution policies and its air would be far dirtier without these measures, but they haven’t been enough to render it fully clean, reports Bloomberg. If Oslo’s experience shows anything, it’s that cutting carbon emissions may be valuable but it will not automatically reduce other types of pollution. “An electric car doesn’t produce any nitrogen oxide pollution but that doesn’t mean that an electric car is not producing particles,” said Tobias Wolf, the city’s chief engineer of air quality. Fine particulate matter, PM 10 and PM 2.5, are persistent problems. Among the most unique contributors to the city’s dirty air are Oslo’s many tunnels, made necessary partly by hilly topography and waterside setting.
European cities rank high on sustainability, liveability
The IESE Cities in Motion index has listed London, New York and Paris as the world’s most dynamic and liveable cities, reports The Conversation. They have done well in human capital, which includes features like educational and cultural institutions. They also score high on international profiles which look at indicators of global interest such as the number of airport passengers and hotels. Five of the top 10 cities – London, Paris, Berlin, Copenhagen and Oslo – are European. There’s no single reason behind Europe’s success, but there are patterns such as advanced technology, international communities, and diversified economies. The IESE Cities in Motion looks at 183 cities in 92 countries, and ranks them in nine key areas: human capital, social cohesion, economy, governance, environment, mobility and transportation, urban planning, international profile and technology.
‘We need to make choices necessary to safeguard the planet’
The climate crisis is worsening before our eyes and we cannot afford to remain silent on the necessity of responsible research into nature-based climate repair, writes professor and scientist Sir David King, in The Guardian. “We must act with this long-term perspective in mind. Scientists agree we need to bring greenhouse gas levels down to below 350 parts per million by the end of this century to ensure a liveable planet for future generations. Achieving this will require a four-pronged approach: reduce, remove, repair and resilience. We must explore these approaches as part of a holistic climate response, not in place of deep emissions reductions, but as a complement to them. We must advance research into climate repair urgently…To do so, we must use our voices, collectively and courageously, before the choices are no longer ours to make,” he writes.
How São Paulo’s temporary theatre became a safe public space
An excerpt from Adaptable Cities and Temporary Urbanisms by Lauren Andres published in Next City highlights a São Paulo community theatre that shows how citizens are left to pick up the slack when cities fail to meet their residents’ needs. Teatro de Contêiner Mungunzá was developed in 2016 on a public plot of land originally used as a police car park. In one night, the company installed 11 containers and built the theatre structure. Everything on the site is temporary and adaptable, including the building made from recycled shipping containers, the community playground, the gardening and food-growing structures and sitting areas. Although enclosed, the grounds are kept open for locals who can use it to socialise, rest, or access the bathroom for non drug use. For residents, particularly children and mothers, the theatre has become a safe place where they can play and socialise without fear of violence.
April 4, 2025
Myanmar earthquake leaves Mandalay residents hungry, homeless
Four days after a 7.7 magnitude earthquake struck Myanmar, many residents in Mandalay have been living out of tents – or nothing – along the streets, fearing that what is left of their homes will not hold up against the aftershocks, reports the BBC. The death toll from the quake and a series of aftershocks has climbed past 2,700 with 4,521 injured and hundreds still missing, Myanmar’s military chief said. Poor infrastructure and a patchwork of civil conflicts are severely hampering the relief effort in Myanmar, where the military has a history of suppressing the scale of national disasters. The death toll is expected to rise as rescuers gain access to more collapsed buildings and cut-off districts. Military chief Min Aung Hlaing said the death toll may exceed 3,000, but the US Geological Survey said “a death toll over 10,000 is a strong possibility”.
Cutting a large number of trees worse than killing a human: SC
On March 26, the Supreme Court ruled that cutting a large number of trees is worse than killing a human being, reports The Times of India. It imposed a fine of Rs 1 lakh per tree for illegal felling and refused to reduce the fine for the man who illegally cut down 454 protected trees. “No mercy in the environmental case. Felling a large number of trees is worse than killing a human. It will take at least 100 years to again regenerate or recreate the green cover created by 454 trees which were blatantly cut without permission of this court though the embargo imposed by this court is right from the year 2015,” the bench said. In its report, the central empowered committee (CEC) said 454 trees were illegally felled on the night of September 18 last year, without permission from the authority concerned.
Make 500 more streets car-free, say Paris residents
Parisians want “more pedestrian streets, fewer cars, more nature in the city,” reports Bloomberg. Paris voters opted in a referendum on March 30 to close 500 more city streets to cars, making way for pedestrians, bikers, and greenery. The plan, which will also remove 10 percent of Paris’ current parking spots, will expand on a green push by Mayor Anne Hidalgo that has already seen 300 streets planted and cleared of cars since 2020. Coming a year before the end of Hidalgo’s second and final term, the initiative will continue to change the face and character of a city that has already taken major steps away from car dominance towards an emphasis on public transit and active travel. The aim is to pedestrianise five to eight streets per neighbourhood, with locals being consulted this spring to determine which streets would be most suitable, and an average budget of €500,000 ($540,000 USD) per street.
Tropical wetlands are significant source of methane: Ongoing study
NASA’s BlueFlux Campaign is examining coastal wetlands, vital carbon sinks, to understand their role in carbon capture and greenhouse gas emissions, reports NASA. Researchers are measuring carbon dioxide absorption and methane release, crucial for climate change modeling. Scientists Ben Poulter and David Lagomasino use core samples and gas exchange measurements to analyse historical carbon storage and real-time atmospheric interactions. Florida’s wetlands, roughly 5,000 years old, alone remove an estimated 31.8 million metric tonnes of carbon dioxide annually, highlighting their significance. The research will help scientists develop models to estimate and monitor greenhouse gas concentrations in coastal areas around the globe.
Guatemalan city strengthens bond with nature for sustainable living
The conservation story of Totonicapán – a city in Guatemala home to half a million people – begins with its people’s relationship with the land, reports Earth.Org. EcoLogic’s agroforestry systems, which integrate trees into agricultural practices, reflect this connection. The governance of the 48 Cantons, led by the Junta Directiva de Bienes y Recursos Naturales, has historically protected the forest. But, increasing pressures have required collaboration to blend tradition with innovation, ensuring environmental and economic resilience. Ecotourism has emerged as another innovative solution. The success of these initiatives lies in their interconnectedness. Agroforestry reduces dependence on forests, Pinabete plantations address species-specific challenges, fuel-efficient stoves reduce deforestation, and ecotourism showcases the value of preservation. Together, these efforts form a cohesive strategy that addresses both the environmental and economic needs of Totonicapán.
Demand met, UK climate action group to call it quits
The UK-based environmental activist group, Just Stop Oil (JSO), will disband because it says it has won because its demand that there should be no new oil and gas licences is now government policy, reports the BBC. It has said its last protest at the end of April will mark “the end of soup on Van Goghs, cornstarch on Stonehenge and slow marching in the streets”. Just Stop Oil was born out of the Extinction Rebellion (XR). XR – founded in 2018 – brought thousands of people onto the streets in what were dubbed “festivals of resistance”. The group was formally launched on Valentine’s Day, 2022. Since then, dozens of the group’s supporters have been jailed. Five activists were handed multi-year sentences for their role in the M25 actions in 2022 – the longest jail terms for non-violent civil disobedience ever issued.
March 21, 2025
Heat watch: Odisha, Maharashtra record high temperatures
On March 16, four places in Odisha were among the top five hottest places in the country with Boudh recording the highest temperature at 43.6 degrees Celsius topping the list, reports The Times of India. Boudh was followed by Jharsuguda (42 degrees Celsius), Balangir (41.7 degrees Celsius) and Angul (41.1 degrees Celsius) with Chandrapur (41.6 degrees Celsius) in Maharashtra taking the fourth spot on Sunday. A red warning has been issued for Jharsuguda, Sambalpur, Kalahandi, Sonepur and Boudh, where temperatures are expected to remain significantly high,” said Manorama Mohanty, director of IMD’s Bhubaneswar centre.
On March 14, Chandrapur in Maharashtra recorded 41.4 degrees Celsius, making it one of the hottest places in India. The Vidarbha region in Maharashtra continues to bear the brunt of the heat, with six of its monitoring stations recording temperatures above 40 degrees Celsius.
300 heat action plans to be finalised at the city level in India
As India braces for another harsh summer, the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) is planning to introduce 300 additional Heat Action Plans (HAPs) at the city level. These plans may include both emergency response activities and long-term heat preparedness and cooling interventions across sectors, reports Business Standard. “Once these HAPs are in place, the big job for all of us starts—how to push them through. Getting district magistrates oriented and bringing heat action plans from policy documents to on-ground implementation are the basic tasks NDMA has taken upon itself,” said Safi Ahsan Rizvi, advisor at NDMA, at the Global Heat and Cooling Forum conference. According to a United Nations report, India recorded 40,000 suspected heat stroke cases and over 100 deaths by mid-June last year, when temperatures soared to nearly 50°C, especially in eastern and northwestern regions.
Amazon forest cleared to build road for climate summit
Tens of thousands of acres of protected Amazon rainforest have been cut to build a four-lane highway for the COP30 climate summit to be held later this year in the Brazilian city of Belém, reports the BBC. The Brazilian president and environment minister say this will be a historic summit because it is “a COP in the Amazon, not a COP about the Amazon”. Many say this deforestation contradicts the very purpose of a climate summit. The Amazon plays a vital role in absorbing carbon for the world and providing biodiversity. “We are going to lose an area to release these animals back into the wild, the natural environment of these species,” said Prof Silvia Sardinha, a wildlife vet and researcher at a university animal hospital that overlooks the site of the new highway. “Land animals will no longer be able to cross to the other side too, reducing the areas where they can live and breed.”
Trump administration crackdown on climate and words continues
The National Science Foundation, which accounts for about a quarter of federal support to universities, has been flagging studies that might violate Trump’s executive orders on gender and diversity initiatives based on a search for words such as ‘female’, ‘institutional’, ‘biases’, ‘marginalised’, and ‘trauma’, reports Grist. The Trump administration’s crackdown on words tied to progressive causes reflects the rise of what’s been called the “woke right,” a reactionary movement with its own language rules in opposition to “woke” terms that have become more prevalent in recent years. Since Trump took office, federal agencies have deleted climate change information from more than 200 government websites, according to the Environmental Data and Governance Initiative, a network that tracks these changes. These shifts in language lay the groundwork for how people understand what’s real and true.
Switzerland transforms dirty rivers into pristine clean water
In the 1960s, Switzerland had among the dirtiest water in Europe, blighted by mats of algae, mountains of foam, scum, and dead fish floating on the surface. For decades, swimming was banned in some rivers such as the Aare and Limmat on health grounds, and people could get ill if they swallowed the water, reports The Guardian. Now Switzerland has some of the cleanest rivers in Europe. According to 2023 data from the European Environment Agency, just five of the country’s 196 bathing areas were rated as poor quality. Politicians across the spectrum agree on the need to prioritise clean water. “Very high water quality is important to the population,” says Michael Mattle, head of wastewater technology at the engineering company Holinger. “We take a lot of care not to pollute water. I think Swiss people are proud of their water,” he says, adding that it helps citizens enjoy a “healthy and joyful life”.
Reject fossil fuel industry immunity efforts: Environmental groups
Nearly 200 advocacy groups have urged Democratic representatives to “proactively and affirmatively” reject potential industry attempts to obtain immunity from litigation, reports The Guardian. “We have reason to believe that the fossil fuel industry and its allies will use the chaos and overreach of the new Trump administration to attempt yet again to … shield themselves from facing consequences for their decades of pollution and deception,” reads a letter to Congress on March 12. It was signed by 195 environmental groups such as the Sierra Club, Earthjustice and Sunrise Movement; legal non-profits including the American Association for Justice and Public Justice; and dozens of other organisations. “Lawmakers must decisively reject any attempt by the fossil fuel industry to evade accountability and ensure both justice today and the right of future generations to hold polluters responsible for decades of deception,” said the missive addressed to the House minority leader, Hakeem Jeffries, and Senate minority leader, Chuck Schumer.
March 7, 2025
Massive avalanche hits Jammu and Kashmir
Days after an avalanche hit a Border Roads Organisation (BRO) Camp in Mana, Uttarakhand, killing eight workers, a massive avalanche hit Sarbal area of Sonmarg in Kashmir’s Ganderbal district on March 5, reports The Times of India. No loss of life was reported. The Mana avalanche on February 28 trapped 54 workers; 46 were rescued alive and eight were found dead. The Himalayas, particularly the Western Himalayas, are highly prone to avalanches, affecting Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, and western Uttar Pradesh. Avalanches typically occur after fresh snowfall adds a new layer to the existing snowpack and are triggered by natural forces such as gravity on steep slopes, earthquakes, rising temperatures weakening snow layers, wind, terrain, and vegetation. Human activities, including skiing, construction, and controlled explosions for avalanche mitigation, can also set off the snow slides.
Fuel curbs in Delhi from March 31 to control air pollution
The newly-formed BJP government in Delhi plans stringent steps to curb vehicular emissions and pollution. Vehicles older than 15 years will not be provided fuel at Delhi’s petrol pumps from March 31, announced environment minister Manjinder Singh Sirsa, reports Hindustan Times. Restrictions on older vehicles, mandatory anti-smog measures, and the transition to electric public transport were among the issues discussed. “We are installing gadgets at petrol pumps which will identify vehicles older than 15 years and no fuel will be provided to them,” Sirsa said, adding that nearly 90 per cent of the public CNG buses in Delhi will be phased out and replaced by electric buses by December 2025. Apart from this, all high-rise buildings, hotels, and commercial complexes in Delhi will be required to install anti-smog guns to curb air pollution levels.
China’s Liu Jiakun wins highest accolade in architecture
Chinese architect Liu Jiakun has been named as the recipient of this year’s Pritzker prize, the world’s highest accolade in architecture. Over the last four decades, he has quietly built an exemplary body of work, mostly in Sichuan, reports The Guardian. Jiakun received national attention following the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, which killed around 70,000 people, when he utilised some of the rubble, mixed with local wheat fibre and cement, to produce what he called “rebirth bricks”. His small team is now busy working on their biggest project: the transformation of a former steelworks into a park, in the eastern city of Hangzhou, rambling across a 45-hectare site. Like much of his work, it will be a subtle combination of old and new, using careful interventions to reveal complex layers of history, allowing the place’s stories to be told.
Companies downplay carbon-cutting role, resort to ‘greenhushing’
In the first month of his second term, US President Donald Trump pulled the US out of the Paris Agreement, froze funding for green projects, fired staff from agencies that do climate work and targeted agencies’ climate-related programs and language. Against this backdrop, US executives are dropping the mention of “climate change” in conversations even as they continue developing or deploying climate-friendly solutions, reports Bloomberg. “We have very quickly shifted gears to the other type of conversations,” says Scott Graybeal, chief executive officer of Caelux, which makes high-efficiency glass for solar panels. By that, he means downplaying his company’s role in producing carbon-free electricity and, instead, highlighting domestic job creation, onshore manufacturing and energy independence which resonate with the new administration’s priorities. This has accelerated a phenomenon known as “greenhushing”: the inverse of greenwashing, when companies exaggerate their green bona fides.
Melting Antarctic ice weakening vital ocean current
New research suggests the Antarctic Circumpolar Current — the strongest ocean current on the planet — will be 20 percent slower by 2050 as the world warms, with far-reaching consequences for life on Earth, researchers Taimoor Sohail and Bishakhdatta Gayen write about their findings in The Conversation. The fresh, cool water from melting Antarctic ice is diluting the salty water of the ocean, potentially disrupting the vital ocean current. This could reduce biodiversity and decrease the productivity of fisheries that coastal communities rely on. A weaker current may also take more warm water southwards, exacerbating the melting of Antarctic ice shelves and contributing to global sea-level rise. Faster ice melting could then lead to further weakening of the current, commencing a vicious spiral of current slowdown. This disruption could extend to global climate patterns.
Honey varieties dip in Pakistan as climate change affects bees
Pakistan’s bees once produced 22 varieties of honey but that has plummeted to 11 as flowering seasons shorten. Three of the country’s four honeybee species are endangered. The bees of Pakistan’s 27,000 beekeepers had diverse foliage fed by reliable rainfall, offering a rich source of nectar. Al Jazeera reports that Pakistan’s honey production has dropped 15 percent since 2022, according to the government’s Honey Bee Research Institute in Islamabad. This winter was marked by soaring, hazardous smog levels declared as a national disaster. Research has found air pollution can make it harder for bees to locate flowers. Diminished rainfall, meanwhile, failed to clear the choking air and triggered drought warnings for farmers. New technology offers some hope to keep bees cool, addressing the problem of extreme temperatures.
February 21, 2025
Air pollution, first challenge for new govt in Delhi
After the Bharatiya Janata Party’s (BJP) historic win in Delhi, it will have to start working on its election manifesto of launching ‘Delhi Clean Air Mission’ to halve the city’s average AQI by 2030, reports Mint. The manifesto also assured reduction of PM2.5 and PM10 levels by 50 per cent besides deploying additional road sweeping and water sprinkling machines in the highly polluted areas. As the new government takes office, improving the capital city’s air quality, cleaning the Yamuna River, and tackling the problem of mountainous waste landfills will be top-of-the-mind. The big challenge for the new government is that many things have already been attempted. Earlier governments have closed coal power plants, stopped dirty fuels, scaled up industrial use of natural gas, put public transport and commercial fleets on natural gas, banned old vehicles, restricted truck entry, and tightened control on construction. Yet, clean air continues to elude India’s capital.
Rising heat: 2025 January hottest on record
The Copernicus Climate Change Service said last month was the warmest January on record, with surface air temperatures 1.75 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, reports The Guardian. La Niña is expected to be weak and the prevailing temperatures in parts of the equatorial Pacific Ocean suggested a slowing or stalling of the move towards the cooling phenomenon. Scientists say every fraction of a degree of warming above 1.5 degrees Celsius increases the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events such as heatwaves, heavy rainfall and droughts. According to CBS News, the surprising January heat record coincides with a new study by a climate science heavyweight, former top NASA scientist James Hansen, and others arguing that global warming is accelerating and the last 15 years have warmed at about twice the rate of the previous 40 years. “I’m confident that this higher rate will continue for at least several years,” said Hansen.
Global risk of flooding to rise exponentially by 2100
According to a new study published in Nature Communications titled ‘The Role of Climate and Population Change in Global Flood Exposure and Vulnerability’, by 2100, those exposed to a 1 percent annual risk flood event (100-year flood) will rise from 1.6 billion to 1.9 billion people. The study provides a comprehensive analysis of how climate change and population growth will shape flood risk by 2100, writes Carboncopy. This increase in exposure is primarily driven by population growth (76.8 percent), with climate change contributing 21.1 percent. By 2100, low-income regions will account for 63 percent of total global flood exposure. This means that the populations least equipped to handle floods — due to inadequate infrastructure, weak governance, and lack of financial resources — will face the highest risks.
Author Yoni Appelbaum decodes America’s mobility crisis
Bloomberg CityLab spoke with Yoni Appelbaum, the author of Stuck: How the Privileged and the Propertied Broke the Engine of American Opportunity about the lost joys of Moving Day, why personal mobility and American progress are intertwined, and how to build out of this crisis. His book tracks the rise and fall of America’s freedom of movement and shows how a growing reluctance to pull up stakes has been implicated in its current crisis of housing affordability. He cites Moving Day — this annual celebration of mobility — that happened on different days in different places. “All unwritten leases expired on the same day, and you could have half of a city pick up and move…There was a strong culture of mobility.” The major culprits in this saga are the zoning regulations and housing codes that rose up to limit residential flexibility.
‘Singles tax’ most expensive in New York City
In the city of New York, singles pay an average of $20,100 more per year to live alone, reports CNN, according to an analysis from real estate platforms StreetEasy and Zillow. They calculated the additional cost a person is paying to live solo in a one-bedroom apartment rather than sharing that space with a partner. Couples who live together in a one-bedroom apartment in New York City save a combined average of $40,200 per year on rent, the analysis showed. Other cities with expensive rent, like San Francisco, San Jose, California and Boston, also come with a hefty singles tax — but paying to live alone in New York costs the most. “New York City is abundant with young people looking to live alone. People want to live there, and because the demand is so high, that is a major reason for the discrepancy,” said Emily McDonald, Zillow’s rental trends expert.
Dublin decides to remove keyboxes left in public areas by landlords
Dublin, the capital of Ireland, will remove and destroy lockboxes being used in the public realm such as bike stands and street signage poles, reports The Guardian. The lockboxes have caused concerns over public health and safety in central tourist districts such as Temple Bar. “They can pose a trip hazard as they are normally fastened with a chain to either signage poles or bike stands,” the council said in a report. The boxes are a way for guests to pick up keys to their holiday homes without landlords having to hand them over in person. But for an increasing number of cities across Europe they have become a hated symbol of overtourism. “The units are left lying on the ground without any protection, resulting in public issues as they may become contaminated.” Dublin city council said that lockboxes should be wall-mounted and located beside the entry to a house or apartment.
February 7, 2025
No allocation for climate adaptation in Union Budget
After the Union Budget was presented on February 1, experts have criticised the lack of financial support in the climate adaptation sector that is critical to the lives and livelihoods of millions living in the vulnerable areas of the country, writes Down To Earth. “Climate adaptation is not an option—it is an imperative,” says Abinash Mohanty, global sector-head of climate change and sustainability of IPE-Global. “The world is facing unprecedented geopolitical pushback on the climate agenda and India should have ensured that its fiscal policies reflect this reality through an enhanced budgetary allocation.” The Union budget proposes to increase allocation to solar energy as well as in fossil fuel sectors, both coal and petroleum and natural gas. The environment, forest and climate change ministry received about Rs 3,412 crore, less than 2.5 percent allocation rise over the last budget figure of Rs 3,330 crore.
Mumbai civic budget ups fight against air pollution
Focusing on a three-pronged approach to tackle air pollution, the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation has allocated ₹113.18 crore in its budget for the environment department, reports Hindustan Times. First, a five-year contract with the Automotive Research Association of India to conduct periodic emission inventories in the city will verify the source of emissions and quantity of pollutants. Secondly, the BMC is in the process of sealing a deal with IIT-Kanpur for the installation of 75 low-cost air-quality-measuring sensors, costing between Rs 3,00,000 and Rs 10,00,000 each, across the city. The BMC will set up a 72-hour air-quality forecasting system called AIRWISE by collaborating with the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune. Other measures to tackle air pollution have already been announced, including five new Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Systems (CAAQMS) stations, four mobile air-quality measuring vans, 100 dust-suction machines, converting wood/fossil fuel bakeries to cleaner fuel, and the Mumbai Air App.
Trump removes climate mentions from websites
Some researchers have found that their own studies, from ocean carbon cycles to the connectivity of cleaner electrical grids, have now vanished from federal government websites, reports The Guardian. Critics say the actions will stifle the public’s understanding of the climate crisis amid record-breaking temperatures and a wave of storms and wildfires that are being worsened by the burning of fossil fuels. “We should plan for the worst,” said Michael Mann, a climate scientist at the University of Pennsylvania. “The keys to the car have been given to the polluters and fossil fuel plutocrats and they intend to drive it off the climate cliff.” NASA’s key climate change website, which helps chart and explain the increase in the global temperature and planet-heating emissions, remains active but with a note that it is “going to look a little different in the coming months”. The new NASA portal has removed “climate” from its URL.
Record hot years in 2023, 2024 mean world holding onto heat
According to preliminary data from the UK-based research institute European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, the temperature in January averaged 13.2 degrees Celsius (55.8F) — hottest January on record, with global average temperatures climbing 1.75 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. In a post detailing the new data, climate scientist Zeke Hausfather said he was surprised to see another all-time high, given expectations that La Niña would make 2025 cooler than a record-hot 2024, Bloomberg reports. “This means that January 2025 stands out as anomalous, even by the standards of the last two years,” he wrote. New research led by James Hansen, director of the climate program at Columbia University and the former NASA scientist who first brought the concept of climate change to the attention of Congress in the 1980s, suggests governments have underestimated how much warming is accelerating. That, in turn, is magnifying natural climate cycles and intensifying extreme weather events.
LA fires debris will contaminate the ocean
The smoke that has choked Los Angeles, the debris piled up along decimated streets, the charred and toxic remnants of thousands of destroyed homes, businesses, cars and electronics — nearly all of it, eventually, will come to rest in the ocean. The Los Angeles Times reports that there is no precedent for how an urban fire of this magnitude could change the ecosystem that countless species, including our own, rely on for food and sustenance. Unlike the smoke that emanates from rural wildfires, the charred material now entering the ocean is the stuff of “people’s homes: their cars, their batteries, their electronics,” said Rasmus Swalethorp, a biological oceanographer at UC San Diego’s Scripps Institution of Oceanography. “It’s certainly going to contain a lot of things that we ideally don’t want to see in our oceans — and in our soils, for that matter, and our water streams, and certainly not on our dinner plates.”
Design choices of houses kept them fire-safe
Some houses with fire-resistant designs remained standing amid neighbourhoods of destruction from the raging wildfires in Pacific Palisades and Malibu in January, reports Bloomberg. A brand-new house in Pacific Palisades designed and built by architect Greg Chasen is one of them. And the house is simple: front-gabled without multiple roof lines, dormers or other pop-outs, which are vulnerable intersections in a fire. Still other elements are invisible but critical – the front of the house was built with heat-treated wood, shielded from flying sparks and embers by the extruding walls and roof line. Passive design features such as windows with triple glazing or vacuum insulation also helped with smoke. Along the side of the house there are no eaves or overhangs, which can form eddies or trap embers blown by high winds. The house doesn’t have any attic vents to allow sparks to get inside the roof, which is metal, with a fire-resistant underlayment.
How zinc mining in Peru is drying up water bodies
Antamina, one of the biggest zinc mines in the world, has been given the go-ahead by the Peruvian government to expand zinc extraction in the area, even though the Andean mountain ranges are classified as extremely vulnerable to the climate crisis by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). More than half of Peru’s glaciers have melted over the past 50 years due to global heating, reports The Guardian. Meltwater from the glaciers is the main water source for the people of the Andes, but is already in short supply. Studies show that mining can exacerbate the climate crisis in glacial areas. “Water supplies are heavily affected already in the exploration stage. Drilling holes of 100-150 metres in the ground interrupts the natural courses of water that feed principal rivers,” says Karem Luque, a Peruvian biologist specialising in human and environmental health.
January 24, 2025
Hyderabad to get dedicated police station to save water bodies
Hyderabad will get a police station to look into illegal encroachments around lakes and tanks, reports The New Indian Express. The Hyderabad Disaster Relief and Asset Protection Agency (HYDRAA) intends to file criminal cases against anyone who encroaches upon full tank levels and buffer zones of water bodies, or parks or government lands, be it a local realtor or political leader. Sixty percent of the lakes and tanks in Hyderabad have already been encroached upon. “There are 185 lakes within Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation limits and 400 lakes within Outer Ring Road limits. Our main objective is to protect the water bodies from getting encroached and free them from the clutches of land sharks,” said HYDRAA Commissioner AV Ranganath. “If these encroachments are not stopped, the future of Hyderabad will be under a cloud. The reduction in the areas of water bodies is alarming, it is crucial to act swiftly to prevent further degradation,” he said.
Thick fog brings New Delhi to a crawl
Several areas in northern India including capital city New Delhi were covered in fog in mid-January with over 100 flights and 40 trains delayed, and road traffic affected, according to the German publication DW. The India Meteorological Department issued an orange alert, its second-highest warning level, and predicted dense to very dense fog in many areas while the visibility at Delhi airport was between zero to 100 meters (328 feet), the agency said. Temperatures as low as 7 degrees Celsius (44.6 degrees Fahrenheit) coupled with poor air quality also made the fog conditions worse. Fog is common in the low-lying Indo-Gangetic plains during winter. Delhi’s air pollution also showed a reading of 437 or “hazardous” according to live rankings by Swiss group IQAir. The city is the world’s most polluted, and air quality deteriorates more during winters. It was clouded in a dense smog in November that brought much of the city to a halt.
Trump, US new Prez, pulls out of Paris Agreement
At the White House on January 20 evening, the newly-minted 47th President of the United States, Donald Trump, signed an order to withdraw from the Paris climate accord, including a letter to the United Nations explaining the decision, reports BBC. The US will now join Iran, Yemen and Libya as the only countries to stand outside the agreement, which was signed 10 years ago in the French capital, to cut down emissions to address global warming and climate change. The US pull-out may be far more damaging to the global effort to limit emissions given its high emissions load. Trump called the Paris agreement a “ripoff” during a speech at the Capital One Arena in Washington, DC, following his swearing-in. It will be a year before the US is officially out of the pact. The White House also announced a “national energy emergency”, outlining a raft of changes that will reverse US climate regulations and boost oil and gas production.
One-third of the world's trees now in danger of extinction
According to the 2024 update of the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List, over one-third of the world’s trees are now in danger of extinction due to global warming, deforestation and invasive species. The BBC reports that researchers across the globe, from Australia to the Amazon rainforest, are experimenting on forests in a bid to better understand the role trees play in keeping the Earth cool. Their findings could transform our understanding of how the forests of the future will respond to climate change. These findings help to reveal the important role that mature forests will play as carbon stores and natural climate solutions in the coming decades. The fact that microbes living in the canopies of these mature oaks also consume methane is an added bonus to mitigating the effects of human emissions. This process, first discovered in 2024, means that forests are even more important in the fight against climate change than scientists previously understood.
LA wildfire-affected look to New York for housing
With tens of thousands of Californians still under evacuation orders after the massive wildfires raging since early January, thousands of structures destroyed along with a lot of the infrastructure needed to supply them with basic utilities, and experts saying that, optimistically, rebuilding will take two to three years, it’s clear that thousands of people will need to find semi-permanent housing in the immediate future. Curbed reports that’s likely to prove difficult in Los Angeles (LA), where the sudden housing crunch has resulted in price gouging which, despite being illegal, is widespread. While many Angelenos are staying in, or at least close to, the city right now, some have taken the massive destruction as a sign that it’s time to move on — a reversal of the long-standing New Yorker dream of moving west. For some homeowners who are already bicoastal, New York is the obvious place to live during the yearslong process of rebuilding their LA homes.
Evacuation under scrutiny in California’s wildfires
Hundreds of thousands of Los Angeles residents have been displaced from their homes since a devastating series of wind-driven wildfires erupted on January 7. In Pacific Palisades, home to the largest of the ongoing blazes, the neighbourhood’s evacuation planning has come under scrutiny, reads a Bloomberg report. Many residents left their cars in the middle of Palisades Drive and Sunset Boulevard during the chaotic early phase of the disaster that firefighters were forced to use a bulldozer to clear a path through a tangle of abandoned vehicles. In the years since the devastation of the CampFire, California lawmakers passed legislation aimed at improving evacuation planning. Among them is a law requiring cities and counties to map evacuation routes as part of their general plans, but as the Redding Record Searchlight recently reported, a lack of detail in those maps has not proven helpful to evacuees of the latest fires.
50 percent GDP loss between 2070 and 2090: Report
Risk management experts from the Institute and Faculty of Actuaries (IFoA) said that climate risk assessments being used by financial institutions, politicians and civil servants to assess the economic effects of global heating were wrong, reports The Guardian. The global economy could face 50 percent loss in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) between 2070 and 2090 from the catastrophic shocks of climate change unless immediate action by political leaders is taken to decarbonise and restore nature, said a new report, named Planetary Solvency – finding our balance with nature. Published on January 16, the report uses math and statistics to analyse financial risk for businesses and governments, and criticises the dominant economic theory used by governments across the developed world. It states that political leaders ignored the expected severe effects of climate change such as tipping points, sea temperature rises, migration and conflict as a result of global heating.
January 10, 2025
Deadly California wildfires gut houses, kill five
Wildfires ravaged parts of Los Angeles in California, in the United States, on January 7, killing at least five people and gutting thousands of homes. Aljazeera reports that More than 130,000 residents in different neighbourhoods of Los Angeles city have been ordered to evacuate as the fires, which erupted on January 7, continue to rapidly spread, fuelled by high winds. Climate change has contributed to an increase in the frequency, season length and burned area of wildfires, according to a report by the US Environmental Protection Agency. So, dry conditions aided by Santa Ana winds – dry and hot winds common in the area – most likely caused the wildfires. The dry desert air moves from the interior of the region towards the coast and offshore. It contributes to wildfires because it significantly reduces humidity in the environment due to its dry nature. This causes vegetation to become very dehydrated and susceptible to fire.
Earthquake in Tibet kills 126, causes severe damage
At least 126 people were killed and 188 injured after a powerful earthquake struck the mountainous Tibet region on January 7, reports Aljazeera. China Earthquake Networks Center recorded a magnitude of 6.8 but the United States Geological Survey measured its magnitude as 7.1. Crumbled shop fronts could be seen in a video showing the aftermath in Lhatse, about 150 kilometres east of Shigatse city, with debris spilling onto the road. Shigatse is one of Tibet’s holiest cities and the seat of the Panchen Lama, one of the most important figures in Tibetan Buddhism. Powerful tremors were also felt in northern India’s Bihar state and Nepal’s capital, Kathmandu, 400 kilometres away. Chinese broadcaster CCTV says there have been 29 earthquakes with magnitudes of 3 or higher within 200 kilometres (124 miles) of the Shigatse quake epicentre in the past five years.
Stop-work notice at sites after Mumbai air quality dips
In the first few days of January 2025, the areas of Mumbai Central and Mazgaon in Mumbai recorded air quality index above 200 and the rest of the city was polluted. This prompted the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) to stop work on construction sites, stated a news report in Hindustan Times. The K East ward in Andheri East issued 10 show-cause notices to road contractors for non-adherence to air pollution guidelines. It also issued 462 stop-work notices to construction sites and infrastructure projects that failed to comply with the show cause notices. Seventy-one show-cause notices, meanwhile, have been revoked. It has issued 856 show-cause notices to various construction sites. Rajesh Tamhane, deputy municipal commissioner (environment) said, “We have issued notices to three categories—municipal projects, other projects and construction sites.”
India’s climate report to UN relies on ‘vague’ data
India’s fourth biennial update reports (BUR), submitted to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change on December 30, lists its Greenhouse gas emissions in the year 2020, reports The Wire. During that year, the country emitted 2,959 mt of carbon dioxide equivalent (and 2,437 mt if Land Use-Land Use Change and Forestry is included). The main contributors to GHG emissions in 2020 were fossil fuels, methane emissions from livestock and increasing aluminium and cement production, the BUR stated. India’s State of Forest Reports have consistently reported an increase in tree and forest cover, and a corresponding increase in carbon stock, and thereby sequestration. However, scientists in India have also consistently raised concerns about these ISFRs which the BURs quote with concerns around the ISFR’s methodology.
‘There is no space at COP for the truth’
Elisa Morgera, the UN special rapporteur on climate change, in an exclusive interview with The Guardian, voiced her concerns about how and what information is shared within the UN climate negotiations was underscored at Cop29 in Baku, Azerbaijan. She said the annual UN climate summits and the consensus-based, state-driven process is dominated by powerful forces pushing false narratives and by tech fixes that divert attention from real, equitable solutions for the countries least responsible and most affected. “We can observe that some states are not acting in good faith in very clear ways, which is the basis of any international regime. There is widespread disregard for the rule of international law, and also a very clear pushback on the science, and shrinking of civil spaces at all levels. Basically, the truth is out of the conversation. That is the problem – there is no space at COP for the truth,” said Morgera.
Global heating disrupting Earth’s water cycle: Report
The 2024 Global Water Monitor Report, produced by an international team of researchers, has found that rising temperatures, caused by continued burning of fossil fuels, disrupt the water cycle in multiple ways, reports The Guardian. They found rainfall records are being broken with increasing regularity. Global heating can also increase drought by causing more evaporation from soil, as well as shifting rainfall patterns. “In 2024, Earth experienced its hottest year on record and water systems across the globe bore the brunt, wreaking havoc on the water cycle,” said the report’s leader, Prof Albert van Dijk. He said 2024 was a year of extremes but not an isolated occurrence. “It is part of a worsening trend of more intense floods, prolonged droughts, and record-breaking extremes.” The report warned of even greater dangers in 2025 as carbon emissions continued to rise .
Design safe spaces for children to roam freely
Children need an environment in which unhealthy risks from the street such as traffic violence, pollution and noise are minimised, while opportunities for play, independent movement, and social interactions are maximized, opines a Bloomberg article. Paseo Park, a 1.3-mile-long corridor in family-heavy Jackson Heights, Queens in New York, is finally getting a permanent open streets design to reduce car traffic after people experienced the joys of not having to text to make plans, pay for organised after-school activities, or battle with cars when learning to ride a bike. Widening sidewalks, closing streets for play on afternoons and weekends, adding speed humps and opening schoolyards after hours can provide the space. Neighbourhoods that mix housing with retail and offices have built-in amenities that make such spaces more conducive to child independence and whole-family convenience.